TFT LCD ya ecran nimwe muburyo bwo kwerekana tekinoroji ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki muri iki gihe.Igera kumurongo wohejuru wo kwerekana amashusho wongeyeho tristoriste yoroheje (TFT) kuri buri pigiseli.Ku isoko, hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa ecran ya TFT LCD, buri kimwe gifite umwihariko wacyo nibyiza.Iyi ngingo izerekana ubwoko bwa VA, ubwoko bwa MVA, ubwoko bwa PVA, ubwoko bwa IPS na TN ubwoko bwa LCD, hanyuma busobanure ibipimo byabo.
Ubwoko bwa VA (Vertical Alignment) nubuhanga busanzwe bwa TFT LCD.Ubu bwoko bwa ecran bwakoresheje ibintu bya kirisiti ya kirisiti itunganijwe neza, kandi urwego rwohereza urumuri rugenzurwa no guhindura icyerekezo cya molekile ya kirisiti.VA ya ecran ifite itandukaniro ryinshi kandi ryuzuye amabara, rishobora kwirabura ryimbitse namabara yukuri.Mubyongeyeho, ecran ya VA nayo ifite intera nini yo kureba inguni, irashobora gukomeza guhuza ubuziranenge bwibishusho iyo urebye muburyo butandukanye.16.7M amabara (8bit panel) hamwe nini nini yo kureba ni byo bigaragara cyane mubuhanga.Noneho paneli y'ubwoko bwa VA igabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri: MVA na PVA.
Ubwoko bwa MVA (Multi-domain Vertical Alignment) ni verisiyo nziza yubwoko bwa VA.Imiterere ya ecran igera kumurongo mwiza wibishusho hamwe nigihe cyo gusubiza byihuse wongeyeho electrode yinyongera kuri pigiseli.Ikoresha protrus kugirango itume amazi ya kirisiti ataba gakondo gakondo igororotse mugihe ikiri, ariko irahagaze kumurongo runaka;iyo voltage ikoreshwa kuri yo, amazi ya kirisiti ya kirisiti irashobora guhinduka vuba muburyo butambitse kugirango urumuri rwinyuma runyure byoroshye.Umuvuduko wihuse urashobora kugabanya cyane igihe cyo kwerekana, kandi kubera ko uku guhinduka guhindura guhuza molekile ya kirisiti ya kirisiti, kuburyo impande zo kureba ari nini.Ubwiyongere bwo kureba burashobora kugera kuri 160 °, kandi igihe cyo gusubiza nacyo gishobora kugabanywa kugeza munsi ya 20m.Mugaragaza ya MVA ifite itandukaniro ryinshi, ryagutse ryerekana ingero zingana na pigiseli yihuta yo guhindura.Mubyongeyeho, ecran ya MVA irashobora kandi kugabanya guhinduranya amabara no kugenda neza, bigatanga ingaruka nziza kandi nziza.
Ubwoko bwa PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) nubundi buryo bunoze bwubwoko bwa VA.Ubu ni ubwoko bwibikoresho byatangijwe na Samsung, nubuhanga bwoguhindura amashusho.Iri koranabuhanga rishobora guhindura mu buryo butaziguye imiterere yimiterere y’amazi ya kirisiti, kugirango ingaruka zo kwerekana zishobore kunozwa cyane, kandi urumuri rusohoka hamwe n’ikigereranyo gishobora kuba cyiza kuruta MVA..Mubyongeyeho, hashingiwe kuri ubu bwoko bubiri, ubwoko bunoze bwongerewe: S-PVA na P-MVA ni ubwoko bubiri bwibibaho, bigezweho cyane mugutezimbere ikoranabuhanga.Inguni yo kureba irashobora kugera kuri dogere 170, kandi igihe cyo gusubiza Iranagenzurwa muri milisegonda 20 (kwihuta kurenza urugero bishobora kugera kuri 8ms GTG), kandi ikigereranyo cyo gutandukanya gishobora kurenga 700: 1.Nubuhanga bwo murwego rwohejuru bugabanya kumeneka kwurumuri no gutatana wongeyeho uburyo bwiza bwimikorere kumurongo wamazi ya kirisiti.Iyi tekinoroji ya ecran irashobora gutanga ikigereranyo cyo hejuru, cyagutse cyo kureba impande zose hamwe nibikorwa byiza byamabara.Mugaragaza ya PVA irakwiriye kumashusho isaba itandukaniro ryinshi kandi amabara meza, nko gutunganya amashusho hamwe namakinamico.
Ubwoko bwa IPS (Guhindura Indege) nubundi buryo bwa tekinoroji ya TFT LCD.Bitandukanye n'ubwoko bwa VA, molekile ya kirisiti ya kirisiti muri ecran ya IPS ihujwe mu cyerekezo gitambitse, byorohereza urumuri kunyura mumazi ya kirisiti.Ubu buhanga bwa ecran burashobora gutanga intera nini yo kureba impande zose, kubyara amabara neza no kumurika cyane.IPS ya ecran ikwiranye na porogaramu zisaba impande zose zo kureba no kwerekana amabara nyayo, nk'ibikoresho nka tableti na terefone zigendanwa.
Ubwoko bwa TN (Twisted Nematic) nubuhanga busanzwe bwa TFT LCD.Ubu bwoko bwa ecran bufite imiterere yoroshye nigiciro gito cyo gukora, bityo ikoreshwa cyane mumubare munini wa porogaramu.Nyamara, ecran ya TN ifite intera ntoya yo kureba inguni no gukora nabi amabara.Irakwiriye kuri progaramu zimwe zidasaba ubuziranenge bwibishusho, nka monitor ya mudasobwa nudukino twa videwo.
Usibye kumenyekanisha ubwoko bwa TFT LCD bwavuzwe haruguru, ibipimo byabo bizasobanurwa hepfo.
Iya mbere ni itandukaniro (Ikigereranyo gitandukanye).Ikigereranyo cyo gutandukanya ni igipimo cyubushobozi bwigikoresho cyo kwerekana gutandukanya umukara n'umweru.Itandukaniro ryinshi risobanura ecran irashobora kwerekana neza itandukaniro riri hagati yumukara numweru.Ubwoko bwa VA, MVA, na PVA bwa ecran ya LCD mubisanzwe bifite ibipimo bihabanye cyane, bitanga ibisobanuro birambuye byamashusho hamwe namabara menshi yubuzima.
Bikurikiranye no kureba impande (Reba Inguni).Kureba inguni bivuga urwego rw'imfuruka aho ubwiza bwibishusho bushobora kugumaho mugihe ureba ecran.Ubwoko bwa IPS, VA, MVA, na PVA bwa ecran ya LCD mubusanzwe ifite intera nini yo kureba, ituma abayikoresha bishimira amashusho meza cyane iyo urebye muburyo butandukanye.
Ikindi kintu ni igihe cyo gusubiza (Igihe cyo gusubiza).Igihe cyo gusubiza cyerekana igihe gikenewe kugirango molekile ya kirisiti ihindurwe ihindurwe iva mubindi.Ibihe byihuse byo gusubiza bivuze ko ecran ishobora kwerekana neza amashusho yihuta, kugabanya umuvuduko.Ubwoko bwa MVA na PVA LCD mubisanzwe bifite igihe cyo gusubiza byihuse kandi birakwiriye kumashusho asaba gukora cyane imbaraga zishusho.
Iheruka ni ibara ryimikorere (Ibara rya Gamut).Imikorere yamabara yerekeza kumurongo wamabara igikoresho cyerekana.Ubwoko bwa IPS na PVA bwa LCD ya ecran muri rusange ifite intera nini yimikorere yamabara kandi irashobora kwerekana amabara afatika kandi meza.
Muri make, hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa TFT LCD ya ecran ku isoko, kandi buri bwoko bufite umwihariko wabwo nibyiza.Ubwoko bwa VA, Ubwoko bwa MVA, Ubwoko bwa PVA, Ubwoko bwa IPS, na TN Ubwoko bwa LCD butandukanye mu buryo butandukanye, kureba inguni, igihe cyo gusubiza, n'imikorere y'amabara.Mugihe uhisemo ecran ya LCD, abakoresha bagomba guhitamo ubwoko bubereye bakurikije ibyo bakeneye na bije.Haba kubikorwa byumwuga cyangwa gukoresha burimunsi, tekinoroji ya TFT LCD irashobora gutanga ubuziranenge bwibishusho hamwe nuburambe bwo kureba.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-24-2023